LIFE SCIENCES

Intramembrane proteases control the activity of membrane proteins and occur in all organisms. A prime example is g-secretase, cleaving the amyloid precursor protein, whose misprocessing is related to onset and progression of Alzheimer's disease. Since a protease's biological function depends on its substrate spectrum, it is essential to study the repertoire of natural substrates as well as determinants and mechanisms of substrate recognition and cleavage—which is the aim of this collaborative research project. Conformational flexibility of substrate and enzyme plays an essential role for recognition, complex formation and subsequent relaxation steps leading to cleavage and product release.

The development of novel sustainable biocatalytic processes requires systematic studies of the molecular interactions between enzymes, substrates, and solvents. Based on the HLRS HPC infrastructure, comprehensive molecular simulations were performed to investigate substrate binding in enzymatic reaction systems.

Diabetes reaches epidemic proportions with a major and growing economic impact on the society. An effective treatment requires atomic-level understanding of how insulin acts on cells. Using molecular dynamics simulations, an international team of researchers studied the process of insulin binding to its receptor and the resulting structural changes at atomic scale with cryogenic election microscopy and atomistic MD simulation. The results of these studies were recently published in the Journal of Cell Biology.